Eagle-billed turtle (definite introduction)

Turtles It has become an upstart in breeding many years ago. It has never been just a small number of people raising a few people, but has gradually become an industrialized and intensive breeding. It has provided a large amount of materials for the pet market and aquatic product market, and novel and weird varieties are constantly coming in and out. The market is stirring up constant changes in market prices, but some typical varieties still stand firm and devour market share.

There are 5 families, 18 genera, and 31 species of turtles in Ergu, including 26 species that grow in fresh water and 5 species that grow in sea water. There is one variety under first-level protection and 9 varieties under second-level protection, and a number of new varieties have been introduced from overseas in recent years. The classification, distribution, economic value, morphological characteristics, living habits, and breeding management of existing freshwater turtle breeding species are introduced as follows:

1. Ratites Turtle breeding and management methods

Ratite turtles are also called eagle-billed turtles, eagle-billed dragon-tailed turtles, big-headed turtles, three-nosed turtles, etc. It belongs to the class Crestozoa, order Turtles, family Ratiteidae, and genus Ratite. Domestically, it is mainly distributed in Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Hunan, etc. Scattered overseas are Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, and Myanmar.

1.Economic value: Edible, medicinal, medicinal, cultivated green turtles, domestic sales to earn foreign exchange, etc. .

2.Livelihood customs: It is amphibious, mainly living in water, and generally lives in streams , in the grass of the lake and swamp. Because it has sharp claws and a powerful tail, it can easily climb over obstacles and can also climb trees to catch small birds. It is very aggressive. When the weather gets warmer in March and April, they start to look for food and go into heat. Their appetite is strongest from May to September. In late autumn and early winter, they burrow into the sand, grass or hide underwater. Wild breasted turtles mainly feed on snails, clams, shells, shrimps, fish, crabs, frogs, insects and snails. They also eat leaves, grass and roots when hungry. Under the premise of artificial feeding, animals can be fedThe food contains enough food, snails, frogs, fish and shrimp meat, as well as bran, bean cakes, fruits or fruit peels, etc. The artificially raised ratite turtles begin to mature sexually after three years and lay eggs from April to September. Most of the eggs are laid in the mainland sand, and some are laid in the water.

3.Breeding equipment: Ratite turtles are violent in nature and mostly exercise at night. They need to be kept in ponds or breeding vessels. According to its characteristics, the sides of the pool wall must be smooth and the depth should be more than three times the length of the turtle's body to prevent the turtle from climbing up and escaping.

4.Raising and control: The turtles have the habit of biting each other’s hands and feet, so they should be kept together when raising them. Keep one in a tank. Generally, feeding is based on the body weight of the turtle. More than 500 grams, you can often feed a small frog or 5 to 7 earthworms. Because turtles like to eat live food, such as earthworms, mealworms, crickets, etc., new turtles that have no food can be induced with live food. After eating normally, they can gradually switch to fish, shrimp meat, synergistic feed, etc. Feed once every 1 to 2 days in spring and summer. The amount should be small but not too much to avoid indigestion. When changing the water, the water temperature difference should not exceed 3°C. When the temperature drops to about 10℃ in winter, sand should be added to the container to make it hide in the sand and hibernate. During hibernation, be sure not to increase the ambient temperature, so as not to affect the turtle's normal hibernation.

The claws of ratite turtles are prone to decay, and some claws even fall off. Once this situation is found, the corrupted parts should be cleaned immediately with 3% hydrogen peroxide, and then coated with Apply chloramphenicol eye ointment and change the medicine every other day until recovery.

2. Black turtle breeding and control measures

Black turtle, Also called grass turtle, mud turtle, smelly black turtle. A species of the genus Black Turtle. Domestically, except for the northeastern and northwest provinces (autonomous regions) and the Tibet Autonomous Region, there have been no reports. Scattered overseas in Japan.

1.Economic value: In addition to being available for observation, scientific research, and education, black turtles are also important Has three uses. One is edible. As the saying goes, the black turtle is full of treasures. The turtle meat and eggs are extremely delicious and rich in protein. "Turtle body pork belly" means that turtle meat has the nutrients and taste of various animal meats such as cattle, sheep, pigs, chickens, fish, etc. Especially various turtle meat soups prepared with turtle meat as the main raw material have become One of the high-end famous dishes at the current banquet. The second is medicinal use. Li Shizhen said: "InsectsThree hundred and sixty, and the turtle is the leader. "Turtle, the spiritual elder of the insect." Tortoise shell and tortoise shell are traditional precious medicinal materials. It is rich in bone collagen and protein, calcium, phosphorus, lipids, peptides and various enzymes. According to clinical research evidence of traditional Chinese medicine, turtle shell has a fishy smell. , salty and cold in nature, it has the functions of nourishing yin and reducing heat, nourishing kidneys and strengthening bones. The third is to earn foreign exchange from domestic sales of black turtles and their deeply processed products. Food, nutritional and health products, traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions, etc. can be sold domestically, and green-haired turtles can also be sold domestically to earn foreign exchange.

2.< strong>Livelihood customs:Live in rivers, lakes, rice fields, pools, and streams. Their food habits are mixed, such as wheat, rice, small fish, shrimp, snails, animal carcasses, etc. The growth period is from April to September every year. , laying eggs ranging from 1 to 15 eggs per clutch, and laying 1 to 4 eggs per year. It is better to lay eggs under artificial breeding conditions at a temperature of 10°C.

3.Cultivation equipment: It can be as large as a pond or as small as a tank. It is suitable for large-scale intensive and courtyard breeding. It should be provided when breeding in ponds and cement ponds. There is a place for black turtles to rest on the ground and bask in their backs. The breeding water in tanks and basins should not be too deep, generally 15 to 20 centimeters, and the water depth for juvenile turtles is 3 to 5 centimeters.

4.Rearing and control:The black turtle is the one with the most widely dispersed species, the largest number, and the largest current breeding range in China. The breeding method can be at room temperature. Breeding and heated breeding. The optimal breeding water temperature is 28-31°C, and growth is better at 19-32°C. It can start hibernating at around 12°C, or it can be left in the mud indoors to survive the winter. The mud cannot be lower than 0℃, and the indoor wintering cannot be lower than 0℃, and the temperature cannot be high and low (maintained above 0℃ and below 12℃).

Black turtles are omnivorous and can be fed either animal or plant food. However, if they want to be well fed, it is best to feed them with high-protein feeds, or to consume synergistic feeds, and feed them within 2 to 3 days in early spring and late autumn. Feed once a day during the normal breeding season. Use quicklime to disinfect and adjust the water quality after 15 days of breeding.

3. Feeding of yellow-margined box turtles. Control Measures

The yellow-margined box turtle is also known as the box turtle, the snake turtle, the splinted turtle, and the box turtle. Turtle genus, yellow-margined box turtle species, distributed in Anhui, China.Henan, Macau, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Fujian, Hunan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Guangxi, etc. Scattered overseas in Japan.

1.Livelihood habits:The yellow-margined box turtle mainly lives in moist areas near rivers, lakes, etc. It is worn on the ground and often rests in fallen trees, rotten forests, rock crevices, deep caves and under fallen leaves. It lies in bed during the day and emerges at night. Estrus and mating begin in April every year, and the spawning period is from late May to September. They lay 3 to 4 clutches of eggs each year, with 2 to 10 eggs in each clutch. Artificial breeding produces more eggs. When the temperature drops to 10℃, hibernation will be added.

2.Cultivation equipment: Yellow-margined box turtles mainly rest on the mainland, such as using water and land to defecate When raising a pond, the water depth should not be more than twice the depth of the turtle body. If breeding is done in a walled courtyard, it must be separated from waterfowl and livestock, and a turtle nest that is protected from rain and light must be built for resting and laying eggs. Set up a square cement pool around the turtle nest for drinking and playing. In addition, a feed trough or feed pool needs to be installed.

3.Rearing and control: This turtle is widely dispersed, has a variety of food habits, and is highly adaptable. Usually, shrimps and fish are the main feeds, but earthworms, locusts, snails, clams, etc. can also be fed. In nature, the turtles mainly feed on animal feed. However, under artificial breeding conditions, they can be fed with animal and plant feeds, or they can be fed Feed artificial synergistic feed.

Feeding is done once a day in spring, summer and autumn. The feeding time is generally in the Qing Dynasty and dusk, and every 2 to 3 days in early spring and late autumn. The feeding time is Appropriate noon time. Yellow-margined box turtles are most suitable when the environmental temperature is 28°C. At 15°C, they sometimes eat less and hibernate below 10°C. At 35°C, they will appear in aestivation state, or be restless and stop eating.

At the beginning of November every year, due to the drop in temperature, the turtle gradually enters hibernation. At this time, the turtle should be moved indoors to the sand and mud to overwinter. During the winter, the temperature difference cannot If it is too large, the effect will be dormant.

In late March of the following year, when the temperature rises to around 18-19°C, the turtle begins to move and eat. The first feeding should be small but precise, especially after feeding, the situation will The temperature should not be lower than 15℃, otherwise it will cause indigestion and other symptoms. As the temperature gradually rises and stabilizes, the amount of bait can be reduced accordingly, and some disease prevention drugs, calcium, vitamin E, etc. can be added to the feed regularly to promote bone development of baby turtles and reduce the number of eggs laid by parent turtles.

                </p>